Risk factors for acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To identify the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after non-cardiac surgery.Methods:Medical records of patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery with general anesthesia in our hospital from October 1, 2016 to March 31, 2021 were collected.AKI was diagnosed using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes definition of AKI.Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors affecting AKI.Generalized linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the difference in serum creatinine before and after surgery.Results:A total of 2 214 patients were eventually enrolled, and the incidence of AKI was 5.15%.The results of multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative hypertension, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification ≥ Ⅲ, intraoperative bleeding >300 ml, emergency surgery, and grade IV surgery were independent risk factors for AKI after non-cardiac surgery ( P<0.05). The results of generalized line regression analysis showed that preoperative hyponatremia, intraoperative bleeding >300 ml, emergency surgery, and duration of anesthesia were positively correlated with increased difference in serum creatinine before and after surgery ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Preoperative hypertension, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification ≥ Ⅲ, intraoperative bleeding >300 ml, emergency surgery and grade IV surgery are independent risk factors for AKI after non-cardiac surgery.

Three-Dimensional Heterogeneity of Cerebellar Interposed Nucleus-Recipient Zones in the Thalamic Nuclei / 神经科学通报·英文版

The cerebellum is conceptualized as a processor of complex movements and is also endowed with roles in cognitive and emotional behaviors. Although the axons of deep cerebellar nuclei are known to project to primary thalamic nuclei, macroscopic investigation of the characteristics of these projections, such as the spatial distribution of recipient zones, is lacking. Here, we studied the output of the cerebellar interposed nucleus (IpN) to the ventrolateral (VL) and centrolateral (CL) thalamic nuclei using electrophysiological recording in vivo and trans-synaptic viral tracing. We found that IpN stimulation induced mono-synaptic evoked potentials (EPs) in the VL but not the CL region. Furthermore, both the EPs induced by the IpN and the innervation of IpN projections displayed substantial heterogeneity across the VL region in three-dimensional space. These findings indicate that the recipient zones of IpN inputs vary between and within thalamic nuclei and may differentially control thalamo-cortical networks.

Three-Dimensional Heterogeneity of Cerebellar Interposed Nucleus-Recipient Zones in the Thalamic Nuclei / 神经科学通报·英文版

The cerebellum is conceptualized as a processor of complex movements and is also endowed with roles in cognitive and emotional behaviors. Although the axons of deep cerebellar nuclei are known to project to primary thalamic nuclei, macroscopic investigation of the characteristics of these projections, such as the spatial distribution of recipient zones, is lacking. Here, we studied the output of the cerebellar interposed nucleus (IpN) to the ventrolateral (VL) and centrolateral (CL) thalamic nuclei using electrophysiological recording in vivo and trans-synaptic viral tracing. We found that IpN stimulation induced mono-synaptic evoked potentials (EPs) in the VL but not the CL region. Furthermore, both the EPs induced by the IpN and the innervation of IpN projections displayed substantial heterogeneity across the VL region in three-dimensional space. These findings indicate that the recipient zones of IpN inputs vary between and within thalamic nuclei and may differentially control thalamo-cortical networks.

Prospects of a comprehensive evaluation system for traditional Chinese medicine services / 中西医结合学报

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique health resource in China and one of the main representative traditional medicines globally. TCM has formed a new way of looking at medical practices, health care, scientific research, education, industry and culture. It focuses on promoting and safeguarding the health of people, with an increasing contribution to economic and social development. Establishing a comprehensive evaluation system in accordance with the characteristics of TCM services could promote the scientific merit and the standardization of services management. This would improve health service quality and the social and economic benefits of TCM. It would broaden the field of TCM services research. It would also provide the basis for the formulation of relevant government policies. This study estimates the prospect of establishing a comprehensive evaluation system of TCM services.

Effect of parecoxib on sufentanil dosage and its analgesic effect in patients with laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma under combined anesthesia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To study effect of parecoxib on sufentanil dosage and its analgesic effect in patients with laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma under combined anesthesia.Methods 120 cases patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and prepared to laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer were selected in Kailuan General Hospital, and randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 60 cases in each group, experimental group induced anesthesia with 40mg parecoxib sodium intravenous injection, while the control group were treated with normal saline, the postoperative dosage of sufentanil, analgesia pump using frequency and other indicators were detected at 6,12,24 and 48 h, and analgesic effect were observed.Results Compared with control group, in experimental group, postoperative dosage of sufentanil was less ( P <0.05 ) , analgesia pump pressing times and effective pressing numbers were fewer (P<0.05), VAS pain score was lower (P<0.05) and Ramsay score was lower (P<0.05) at each time point.Conclusion Parecoxib could reduce the dosage of sufentanil after laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer, and enhance the analgesic effect.

Analysis and comparison of theories of circulation of blood and qi in both eastern and western ancient medicines / 中国中西医结合杂志

In ancient Egypt, the theory of circulation of blood and qi was preliminarily established on the basis of cadaver dissection, gradually revised and improved following the progress of anatomy and physiology. However, the "Meridian Theory" of circulation of blood and qi in Chinese medicine had never been established on the basis of anatomical and physiological studies. Thus a suspicion was aroused, "whether the meridians really exist, or artificially assumed by imagination"? Therefore, in recent one half of a century, numerous scholars at home and abroad spent countless financial capacities and human power to study the essence of Meridians in order to find their material or substantial evidence, but with no breakthrough obtained. Nevertheless, in the 70th of the last century, studies on mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia and acupuncture anesthesia won an undoubtedly good result. Hence, the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on pain control was admitted by the "Consensus Statement on Acupuncture" at an international meeting held by NIH in Dec. 1997. Then the old Chinese acupuncture won an international acceptance and application. Therefore, the investigation of mechanism of acupuncture analgesia set up a positive model for future scientific researches on acupuncture mechanisms and essence of Meridians, as well as on other Chinese medical theories.

miR-218 expression in osteosarcoma tissues and its effect on cell growth in osteosarcoma cells

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of miR-218 and its clinical significance in osteosarcoma tissues and explore its effect on proliferation and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells.@*METHODS@#miR-218 expression was detected in 76 samples of surgically resected osteosarcoma and matched normal tumor-adjacent tissues using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MiR-218 was over-expressed by exogenous miR-218 plasmids in Saos-2 cells, and then BrdU cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry were used to determine cell proliferation and apoptosis.@*RESULTS@#The expression of miR-218 in osteosarcoma tissues was significantly lower than those in normal tumor-adjacent tissues (t=8.735, P<0.001). MiR-218 expression in tumor tissues was significantly correlated with tumor size (χ(2)=5.380, P=0.020), clinical stage (χ(2)=6.692, P=0.010) and distant metastasis (χ(2)=4.180, P=0.041). MiR-218 was obviously over-expressed by exogenous miR-218 plasmids (t=19.42, P<0.001), and miR-218 overexpression significantly reduced cell proliferation (t=9.045, P<0.001) and induced apoptosis (t=12.38, P<0.001) in Saos-2 cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The low-expression of miR-218 is correlated with the poor clinicopathological features in osteosarcoma. Moreover, miR-218 overexpression reduces cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in Saos-2 cells, suggesting that miR-218 may play a key role in the progression of human osteosarcoma.

miR-218 expression in osteosarcoma tissues and its effect on cell growth in osteosarcoma cells

Objective: To investigate the expression of miR-218 and its clinical significance in osteosarcoma tissues and explore its effect on proliferation and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Methods: miR-218 expression was detected in 76 samples of surgically resected osteosarcoma and matched normal tumor-adjacent tissues using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MiR-218 was over-expressed by exogenous miR-218 plasmids in Saos-2 cells, and then BrdU cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry were used to determine cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results: The expression of miR-218 in osteosarcoma tissues was significantly lower than those in normal tumor-adjacent tissues (t=8.735, P<0.001). MiR-218 expression in tumor tissues was significantly correlated with tumor size (χ

Development and expectation of modernization of herbal medicines / 中国中西医结合杂志

Natural herbs are useful by-products found by ancients when they searched and tasted natural vegetative foods. In the first century, herbal medicines had been much developed and independent academic systems had been established, as summarized separately in Chinese Shennong's Classics of Herbs and On Materia Medica written by Dioscorides of the Roman Empire. However, following rapid progress of modern science and technologies since Renaissance, clinical application of herbs was almost replaced by more effective artificial medicines in the West world, so the scientific research of herbs was almost abandoned. But in China, herbs are still constantly used by TCM physicians in their clinical practice and scientific studies for modernization of Chinese herbs have been carried out vigorously with attractive achievements since recent half of the last century. Therefore, the gap of herbal investigation and development in Western medicine will be successfully filled in by Chinese medical field.

The establishment, contributions, and final results of classical medical theories / 中国中西医结合杂志

In countries with ancient civilization of both Eastern world and Western world, after the accumulation of clinical experiences of "empirical medicine" to a sufficient amount; in accordance of their primitive philosophical thoughts, classical medical theories were established to play an important role in guiding the clinical practice of "empirical medicine". Because of the similarity of philosophical thoughts all over the ancient world, their medical theories were also very similar to each other. After the scientific evaluation and improvement, Greek classical medical theories were inherited, refined or abandoned, and then eventually finished their historical mission. Chinese classical medical theories also need the similar scientific identification and improvement for flowing into the authorized main stream of modern medical theory systems to continuously apply their guiding roles in clinical practice. Scholars would better consider the developmental principles of cultures and sciences with a historical viewpoint and an open mind to avoid making mistakes from haughty and prejudice.

Detection and prenatal diagnosis for RS1 gene mutations in two Chinese families with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify potential mutations of retinoschisis 1 (RS1) gene responsible for X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) in two Chinese families.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 6 exons and flanking intronic regions were analyzed with PCR and direct sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two RS1 mutations were identified in the two families, which included 1 frameshift mutation (c.573delG, p.Pro192fs) and 1 missense mutation (c.626G>A, p.Arg209His).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two RS1 mutations have been identified, among which Pro192fs mutation is discovered for the first time in Chinese population. Above results may enrich our understanding of the clinical manifestations of XLRS and facilitated early diagnosis and genetic counseling for the disease.</p>

Chinese medicine needs the baptism of science / 中国中西医结合杂志

All branches of mature practical technologies of both Eastern and Western ancient cultures, such as astronomy, geography, calendar, agriculture, architectonics, medicine, and so on, possess their own scientific connotation, which were derived from gradual accumulation and repeated validation of practical experiences. The ancient Greek medicine has the advantage of easily receiving scientific 'baptism' (reformation). The ontology and logics in ancient Greek philosophy, served as the epistemological and methodological bases, could effectively promote the development of science. Therefore, following the rapid progress of natural sciences since the Renaissance of the West world, the ancient Greek medicine rationally received the scientific "baptism" and gradually transformed into "modern medicine". In recent years, an upsurge to study and reappraise the works of Galen, an outstanding doctor and philosopher of Roman Empire, was evoked to discover and illuminate the practical and historical values of ancient Greek medicine. In ancient times, the medical theories and clinical practice of both Greek medicine and Chinese medicine were quite similar to each other, and they separately produced particular merits of themselves. However, owe to lack in the support of natural philosophy in ancient China, the progress of Chinese medicine, with its original native qualities for thousands of years only showed increase of clinical experiences, rather than scientific reformation of its essences. Therefore, Chinese medicine should also receive scientific "baptism" as Greek medicine. Ebb tide and see the real gold. The valuable medical experiences of Chinese medicine can be picked up for wide application, and its great historical achievements can be revealed for later pondering.

Significance of detecting free DNA from maternal plasma for the diagnosis of fetal chromosomal aneuploidies / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the feasibility and accuracy of detecting numerical chromosomal abnormalities by high-flux sequencing analysis of free fetal DNA from maternal plasma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>High-flux sequencing was applied to analyze fetal chromosome sequence copy numbers in 153 pregnant women. Fetal karyotyping was also carried out on amniocentesis samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six cases were detected with fetal chromosomal abnormalities by high-flux sequencing analysis, among which five were confirmed by karyotyping to be chromosomal aneuploidies (47,XYY; 45,X; 47,XY,+18; 47,XY,+21 and 47,XY,+13), 1 case was confirmed to be structural rearrangement, i.e., 46,XY,der(13;21)(q10;q10),+21. Furthermore, 3 chromosomal polymorphisms (one 46,XY,21p+ and two 46,XY,Yqh-) were identified. The two methods yielded similar results on fetal chromosome copy number detection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High-flux sequencing analysis of free DNA derived from maternal plasma is efficient for detecting fetal chromosomal aneuploidies, and is non-invasive, highly sensitive and specific. It therefore has a broad application in antenatal diagnosis.</p>

Application of the orthoses used for burn / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate effects of orthoses and relative techniques applied in burn patients.Methods 20 customized orthoses used for 17 burn cases since the year 2008 were studied, and the effects and main technical points of the treatment were summarized based on the principle of such orthoses. The burn areas in these patients were at the neck, hand, ankle, foot and body trunk. The intervention time of using orthoses was at early stage of burn, recovery stage and late stage of rehabilitation, respectively. Results The review study showed that fitting the orthoses after burn could prevent the contracture of the joint, restrain scar casting, assist training to improve the range of motion of the joint. Conclusions According to the state of the burn patients, the use of well fitted orthoses could have obvious good clinic effect, which promotes the functionality recovery.

Study of the mouse device based on surface EMG signals of the temporalis / 医用生物力学

Objective To design a mouse device based on surface EMG signals of the temporalis for people who suffered with paraplegia, upper limb disability or impaired hand function to be able to operate the mouse. Methods A control method for mouse operation based on surface EMG was presented. Through analysis and test, facial surface EMG signals of the temporalis were selected as the control signal and with the bite as a trigger action. EMG signals with different characteristics could be generated from the temporalis muscle according to different bite actions, and thus a mouse device controlled by the facial surface EMG signals from the temporalis was designed. Results The test proved that by using the device, subjects could control the mouse by a simple bite action. Conclusions The control method for mouse operation based on surface EMG is feasible，and the mouse device designed according to this method is valuable in practical application.

Biomechanics in rehabilitation engineering / 医用生物力学

Rehabilitation engineering can not only improve life quality of the elder and people with disability, but also reduce burdens of the society and family for care at the same time. With the development of economy and improvement of life quality, rehabilitation engineering will be raised to a new level. Biomechanics provides fundamental basis for the design and assembly of rehabilitation products. As the main reason for rehabilitation is to maximally restore the lost function of body support and exercise, it is important to understand the force transmission and interaction between the body and supporting device. Through biomechanical research, optimized assistive technology for rehabilitation and training program can be designed. This paper will review the major focus on biomechanics research in rehabilitation engineering, including body support interfacial biomechanics, musculoskeletal kinematics and kinetics, finding appropriate control signals, and developing advanced materials, so as to provide theoretical basis for the development of rehabilitation products.

Identification and analysis of anti-diabetic drugs based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the vibration frequencies and resonant peaks of different molecular groups in anti-diabetic drugs and to investigate the absorption spectra of these drugs in the range of terahertz, so as to accurately and efficiently identify similar drugs and provide foundation for understanding the contribution of such vibration in different molecular groups to pharmacology. Methods Using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), six kinds of similar diabetes pills for treating diabetes mellitus (DM), including gliquidone, glipizide, gliclazide, glimepiride, repaglinide and metformin were tested to obtain their absorption spectra from 0.3~3.0 THz. Support vector machines (SVM) method was employed to separate these anti-diabetic drugs by selecting the experimental data from 1.5~2.0 THz. Results For gliquidone, glipizide, gliclazide, and glimepiride, an obvious resonance peak was found at 1.37 THz. According to the THz spectra, repaglinide and metformin could be easily separated from sulfonylurea drugs. Furthermore, with the help of SVM, the accuracy of discrimination for four kinds of sulfonylurea could reach 100%. Conclusions THz technology, as a new testing method, shall play a positive role in the drugs for their identification, quality control and distinguishing their chemical bonds/functional group.

Immunosuppressive treatment about the patient operated facial allotransplantation in perioperative period / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the perioperation medication on the first patient who was operated facial allotransplantation, including immunosuppressive drug and adjunctive drug, so that to search a effective medication schedule to the patient operated facial allotransplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FK506, MMF, Prednisone and Zenapax was performed as immunosuppressive regiment in perioperative treatment; meanwhile, anti-infectives was administered to take precautions against all sorts of infections, such as bacterium, virus and fungus. Furthermore, all kinds of adjunctive drug, Losec, glucurolactone and so on, was administered to protect those function of stomach, liver, kidney and so on. Clinical observations were made on the signs and symptoms of graft survival or rejection, as well as immunological indexes were tested in laboratory. Biopsies of graft were also made at 30 d after operation. Side effect and complication of drug was monitored, in case the body suffered harm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Facial allograft was survived, and the temperature and color of skin were normal. Swelling of tissue was gradually subsidise after 4 days, and recovered in a half month. The count and ratio between Th and Ts were normal, skin Biopsies of every time had no found of hyperacute or acute rejection, and side effect and complication of drug had no monitored.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The regiment of perioperation medication was successfully performed.</p>

Effect of spleen-invigorating prescription on dendritic cell function in patients with chronic hepatitis B of TCM Pi-deficiency syndrome type / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Spleen-invigorating Prescription (SIP) on dendritic cell function in patients with chronic hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 60 patients with chronic HBV of Pi-deficiency syndrome type were enrolled and randomized to 2 groups, 30 in each group. Patients in the control group were given intramuscular injection with human interferon alpha 1b, 3 times a week, while those in the treated group were given orally with SIP twice a day, the therapy lasted for 6 months. Dendritic cells (DCs) were isolated from peripheral blood and cultured, then the expression of surface markers, HLA-DR, CD86, CD80, CD40, CD14 and CD11c were detected before and after treatment by flow cytometry, and the function of DCs was also evaluated by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) determination once before treatment and once after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of DCs' surface CD86, CD80, CD40 and CD11c in the treated group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and the changes of stimulating index, IFN-gamma and IL-12 were superior in the treated group to those in the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SIP can significantly improve DC's function, so, one of mechanisms of SIP in improving clinical efficacy may be the regulation of immune function.</p>

A hemifacial transplantation model in hares / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To design an animal model to study the facial transplantation of allografts in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Livid blue rabbits and New Zealand white rabbits was applied as experiment animal, to harvest hemifacial composite-tissue flap based in the common external carotid artery with the branch of the external mandibular artery and auricularis magna artery, then allotransplantation was performed with the livid blue rabbits as recipient while new Zealand rabbits as donor, the immunosuppressive agent comprised ciclosporin, azamun and prednisone. 25 couples of rabbits were divided three groups. Group A, 5 couples of rabbits, no administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-end. Group B, 10 couples of rabbits, administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-end. Group C, 10 couples of rabbits, administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-side. Postoperative, to observe the survive ratio of animal and composite-tissue flap, verified the practicability of model further.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The blood supply of hemifacial composite-tissue flap is rich after allotransplantation. The survive ratio wasn't different with different procedure of the external carotid artery anastomosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This is a successful model of composite face flap transplantation in the rabbits.</p>